#149 - AMA #20: Simplifying the complexities of insulin resistance: how it's measured, how it manifests in the muscle and liver, and what we can do about it

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We discuss:

• Explaining the format of this AMA: Extracting insights from Gerald Shulman's masterclass on insulin resistance (2:00);
• The basics of insulin, defining insulin resistance (IR), and gold-standard methods of quantifying IR in the muscle (7:15);
• Practical ways to test for insulin resistance in a normal clinical setting (15:45);
• How insulin resistance manifests in the muscle (23:00);
• The biochemical block in glycogen synthesis—drivers and mechanisms resulting in insulin resistance in the muscle (30:45);
• The disparity in fat oxidation between insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant individuals (44:45);
• The fate of the ingested carbohydrate in someone who is insulin resistant (51:00);
• The prevalence and clinical phenotype of insulin resistance (1:00:15);
• The role of exercise in mitigating and reversing insulin resistance (1:05:00);
• How insulin resistance manifests in the liver (1:09:15);
• Biggest takeaways: what we can do to mitigate and prevent insulin resistance (1:20:45); and
• More.