第2895期:How AI could change the skills you need

Are you worried that you can't keep up with AI? Current artificial intelligence systems can do many tasks much quicker than we can. Does this mean that machines will put us out of work?

您是否担心自己跟不上人工智能的发展？ 当前的人工智能系统可以比我们更快地完成许多任务。 这是否意味着机器会让我们失业？

Rather than replace our jobs, it may be more likely that AI will transform the way we work. Previous waves of mechanisation and automation did not cause lasting effects to employment rates. However, the skills valued by the economy could change. Research from Goldman Sachs shows some evidence that AI has affected the US job market differently in different sectors. Being adaptable and understanding how AI and humans can best work together in the industry that you work in is likely to become very important.

人工智能更有可能改变我们的工作方式，而不是取代我们的工作。 之前的机械化和自动化浪潮并未对就业率产生持久影响。 然而，经济所重视的技能可能会发生变化。 高盛的研究表明，一些证据表明人工智能对美国不同行业就业市场的影响不同。 适应能力并了解人工智能和人类如何在您所从事的行业中最好地合作可能会变得非常重要。

Humans and artificial intelligence have different strengths. AI systems are naturally best suited to tasks that are repetitive, involve data and that are very large. Humans usually perform best when skills and qualities such as leadership, empathy and judgement are required. Recent research from MIT's Sloan School of Management identified which tasks were best done by humans, and which were best done by AI. They found that where humans were better, working together with AI boosted performance above that of humans working alone. Creative tasks could be an area where this collaboration is particularly productive. Professor David Stilwell from Cambridge University highlights that AI's creativity is currently at a similar level to an average human. Other research shows that using ideas generated by AI, even bad ones, helps humans to come up with better ideas more quickly.

人类和人工智能有不同的优势。 人工智能系统自然最适合重复性、涉及数据且规模非常大的任务。 当需要领导力、同理心和判断力等技能和品质时，人类通常表现最佳。 麻省理工学院斯隆管理学院最近的研究确定了哪些任务最适合由人类完成，哪些任务最适合由人工智能完成。 他们发现，在人类表现更好的地方，与人工智能一起工作的表现比人类单独工作的表现要高。 创造性任务可能是这种协作特别富有成效的领域。 剑桥大学的大卫·史迪威教授强调，人工智能的创造力目前与普通人处于相似的水平。 其他研究表明，使用人工智能产生的想法，即使是糟糕的想法，也可以帮助人类更快地想出更好的想法。

Companies need to look at their workflows and processes to see where using AI alone or in collaboration with humans can be more efficient. They can then decide how best to integrate AI into their workflow. Employees should try to learn how best to use AI to support themselves. Being able to do this effectively will help lead to career success.

公司需要审视自己的工作流程和流程，看看单独使用人工智能或与人类协作在哪些方面可以更有效。 然后他们可以决定如何最好地将人工智能集成到他们的工作流程中。 员工应该尝试学习如何最好地利用人工智能来支持自己。 能够有效地做到这一点将有助于实现职业成功。