英语新闻丨中方敦促美方取消关税措施

China has urged the United States to rescind its unilateral tariff measures imposed on trading partners, and said it would keep a close eye on any "alternative measures" adopted by Washington to sustain hefty duties, the Ministry of Commerce said on Monday.

中国商务部周一表示，中方敦促美方立即取消对贸易伙伴的单边关税措施，并将密切关注美方为维持高额关税而采取的任何"替代措施"。

While China remains committed to working with the US for mutual benefit and the stability of the global economy, officials and analysts said that Beijing will take firm countermeasures should Washington take any action that infringes upon its interests.

尽管中国致力于与美国合作，实现互利共赢，维护全球经济稳定，但商务部和业内专家表示，如果美国采取任何侵犯中国利益的行动，中方将采取坚定的反制措施。

Their comments came after the US Supreme Court scrambled the trade landscape on Friday by striking down sweeping tariffs proposed by US President Donald Trump.

上周五，美国最高法院驳回了美国总统特朗普提出的全球关税政策，令贸易格局变得扑朔迷离。

However, hours after the ruling, Trump vowed the tariffs would quickly be reimposed in other forms, announcing plans for a new 10 percent "global tariff" under Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974, which he later raised to 15 percent.

然而，在裁决出台数小时后，特朗普誓言将以其他形式迅速重新征收关税，并宣布计划根据《1974年贸易法》第122条征收新的10%的"全球关税"，之后他又将这一税率提高至15%。

Prior to the US Supreme Court's decision, US tariffs on Chinese imports comprised five layers — 2.5 percent most-favored-nation tariffs, 8.4 percent Section 301 tariffs, 11 percent Section 232 tariffs, 10 percent fentanyl tariffs and 5.1 percent "reciprocal" tariffs — totaling 37 percent, according to calculations by Guosheng Securities, a State-owned enterprise headquartered in Nanchang, the capital of Jiangxi province.

据总部位于江西省南昌市的国企国盛证券估算，在美国最高法院做出裁决之前，美国对华关税由五层组成——2.5%的最惠国关税、8.4%的301关税、11%的232关税、10%的芬太尼关税和5.1%的"对等"关税——共计37%。

The Supreme Court ruling invalidates the fentanyl tariffs and the "reciprocal" tariffs on China, cutting the baseline rate to 21.9 percent. But the addition of the new 15 percent "global tariff" again pushes up the composite rate to about 28.6 percent, Guosheng Securities noted.

国盛证券指出，最高法院的裁决使针对中国的芬太尼关税和"对等"关税失效，基准税率降至21.9%。但新增的15%的"全球关税"再次将综合税率推高至28.6%左右。

China is conducting "a comprehensive assessment" of the content and implications of the court ruling, a spokesperson for the Chinese Commerce Ministry said on Monday, stressing that China has consistently opposed all forms of unilateral tariff measures.

中国商务部新闻发言人周一表示，中方正在对美国最高法院的判决内容及影响进行全面评估，并强调中方一贯反对各种形式的单边加征关税措施。

The spokesperson noted that the US' unilateral actions, including the so-called "reciprocal" tariffs and fentanyl tariffs, not only violate international trade rules but also contravene US domestic law and serve the interests of no party.

发言人指出，美方对等关税、芬太尼关税等单边措施既违反国际经贸规则，也违反美国内法，不符合各方利益。

"We have also noted that the US is reportedly preparing alternative measures, such as trade investigations, to maintain tariffs on trading partners," the spokesperson said. "China will closely monitor the situation and take firm actions to safeguard its legitimate interests.

发言人表示："我们也注意到，美方正在准备采取贸易调查等替代措施，以期维持对贸易伙伴加征的关税，中方将对此保持密切关注并坚定维护中方利益。"

"Facts have shown that both China and the US stand to benefit from cooperation and lose from confrontation," the spokesperson added.

发言人还表示："事实反复证明，中美双方合则两利，斗则俱伤。"

Relations between China and the US, after experiencing several ups and downs and multiple rounds of trade talks over the past year, achieved an "overall dynamic stability", as described by Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi. Following the latest trade consultations in Malaysia in October, the two countries agreed to extend their tariff truce for one year.

中国外交部长王毅表示，中美关系在过去一年经历波折、展开多轮磋商后，实现了"总体稳定"。今年十月在马来西亚举行的最新一轮贸易磋商后，两国同意将贸易休战期延长一年。

Luo Zhiheng, chief economist and head of the research institute at Yuekai Securities, said, "The US still retains relatively high tariffs on China, and its efforts to contain China in high-tech sectors remain unabated."

粤开证券首席经济学家、研究院院长罗志恒表示："美国仍然对中国保留了较高的关税，而且遏制中国高科技发展的步伐并未放缓。"

Ultimately, the upper hand in future negotiations between China and the US depends on each side's core leverage points — their respective economic resilience and technological strength, Luo added.

罗志恒补充道，中美未来博弈的上风，根本上取决于各自的"压舱石"，即经济基本盘和科技实力的较量。

For China, the key to mitigating the impact of external uncertainties and securing the initiative in the long-term China-US trade dynamics lies in strengthening its economic fundamentals, enhancing its capacity for independent technological innovation and maintaining strategic resolve amid a complex and evolving international landscape, added Luo, Yuekai Securities' chief economist.

罗志恒补充道，对中国来说，应对长期外部不确定性、立于不败之地的关键在于立足国内，夯实经济基本盘、加强科技自立自强，保持战略定力。

Xiong Yuan, chief economist at Guosheng Securities, pointed to fundamental constraints that render Section 122 unsuitable as a long-term tariff mechanism. The statute imposes a hard 150-day time limit on any duties imposed, expiring in late July unless extended by an act of the US Congress.

国盛证券首席经济学家熊园指出，由于存在根本性的制约因素，第122条不适合作为长期关税机制。根据该法规，任何关税都有严格的150天期限，除非美国国会通过法案延长，否则将于明年7月底到期。

The Trump administration's invocation of Section 122 is likely to serve as only an interim measure, with Xiong anticipating a midterm pivot back to the more durable legal frameworks of Sections 301 and 232.

熊园认为，特朗普政府援引第122条可能只是一个过渡性举措，预计中期将重新转向更持久的301和232条款的法律框架。

Sean Stein, president of the US-China Business Council, said he hopes that future trade talks can move beyond tariffs, tax rates and export controls to explore how the two economies can cooperate more effectively, enabling companies from both countries to better compete and operate in each other's markets.

美中贸易全国委员会会长克雷格·艾伦表示，他希望未来的贸易谈判能够超越关税、税率和出口管制，探讨两国经济如何更有效地合作，使两国企业能够在对方市场更好地竞争和运营。

"The US and China are the world's two largest, most technologically advanced and most dynamic economies. There are a lot of things that we need to get right on the economic front," Stein said.

艾伦说："美国和中国是世界上规模最大、技术最先进、最具活力的两个经济体。在经济方面，我们有很多事情需要处理好。"

rescind /rɪˈsɪnd/废除；撤销

sustain hefty duties /səˈsteɪn ˈhefti ˈdjuːtiz/维持高额关税

infringes upon /ɪnˈfrɪndʒɪz əˈpɒn/侵犯；违背

most-favored-nation tariffs /moʊst ˈfeɪvərd ˈneɪʃən ˈtærɪfs/最惠国关税

fentanyl tariffs /ˈfentənəl ˈtærɪfs/芬太尼关税

reciprocal tariffs /rɪˈsɪprəkəl ˈtærɪfs/对等关税

contravene /ˌkɒntrəˈviːn/违反；抵触

tariff truce /ˈtærɪf truːs/关税休战

interim measure /ˈɪntərɪm ˈmeʒər/ 临时措施