英语新闻丨中国限制对日本出口军民两用物品

China announced on Tuesday an immediate ban on exporting dual-use items to Japan, in response to Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's erroneous remarks hinting at the possibility of military intervention in the Taiwan Strait.
中国于周二宣布，立即禁止向日本出口军民两用物品，以此回应日本首相高市早苗有关暗示可能军事干预台湾海峡的错误言论。

These remarks "constitute gross interference in China's internal affairs, seriously violate the one-China principle, and are extremely egregious in both nature and impact", a spokesperson for the Ministry of Commerce said on Tuesday.
商务部发言人于周二表示，上述言论 “严重干涉中国内政，严重违反一个中国原则，性质恶劣、影响极坏”。

In order to safeguard national security and interests, as well as fulfill international nonproliferation obligations, China decided to strengthen control over dual-use item exports to Japan, the ministry said in its first announcement of the year.
商务部在其本年度首份公告中指出，为维护国家安全和利益，履行防扩散国际义务，中国决定加强对向日本出口军民两用物品的管控。

Dual-use items refer to products, software and technologies that have legitimate civilian uses, but can also be adapted for military purposes, such as the development of weapons of mass destruction or the enhancement of conventional military capabilities. The list covers items from chemicals and drones to high-tech computers and software.
军民两用物品是指既有合法民用用途，又可被改造用于军事目的的产品、软件和技术，例如可用于大规模杀伤性武器研发或提升常规军事能力的相关物品。该清单涵盖的品类从化学品、无人机，到高科技计算机及软件等。

The country prohibits the export of all dual-use items to Japanese military users, for Japan's military use, and for any other end-users and end-use purposes that help enhance Japan's military capabilities, according to the announcement.
公告明确，中国禁止向日本军事用户出口任何军民两用物品，禁止任何军民两用物品用于日本军事用途，同时禁止向其他任何有助于提升日本军事能力的最终用户出口，或用于此类最终用途。

Stringent export controls and licensing requirements for dual-use items represent an established international norm.
对军民两用物品实施严格的出口管制及许可要求，是一项公认的国际准则。

The United States' Export Control Reform Act and the European Union's Dual-Use Regulation, for instance, mandate that the export of sensitive technologies or materials, including those with potential military applications, must be subject to proper licensing and authorization procedures.
例如，美国《出口管制改革法案》和欧盟《军民两用物品条例》均规定，敏感技术或物资（包括具有潜在军事应用价值的相关品类）的出口，必须经过规范的许可和审批程序。

China is also considering tightening export permit reviews for certain rare earth-related items to Japan, due to Takaichi's recent erroneous remarks on Taiwan and her continued refusal to retract them, a source familiar with the matter told China Daily on Tuesday.
一位知情人士于周二向《中国日报》透露，鉴于高市早苗近期就台湾问题发表错误言论且拒不收回，中国正考虑收紧部分稀土相关物品对日本的出口许可审核。

On April 4 last year, the Ministry of Commerce, along with the General Administration of Customs, issued an announcement on export control measures for seven categories of medium and heavy rare earth-related items — samarium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, lutetium, scandium and yttrium.
去年 4 月 4 日，商务部会同海关总署发布公告，对钐、钆、铽、镝、镥、钪、钇等七类中重稀土相关物品实施出口管制措施。

According to Tokyo-headquartered Nomura Research Institute, heavy rare earths such as dysprosium and terbium, used for electric vehicle motors in Japan, are almost 100 percent sourced from China. Any restrictions on those supplies would pose significant challenges to the Japanese economy.
总部位于东京的野村综合研究所指出，日本电动汽车电机所使用的镝、铽等重稀土，几乎 100% 依赖从中国进口。此类稀土供应若受限，将对日本经济构成重大挑战。

The institute estimates that if China's restrictions on rare earth exports to Japan were to last for three months, it would result in losses of about 660 billion yen ($4.2 billion), reducing nominal and real GDP by 0.11 percent annually. If the restrictions continued for a year, losses could reach about 2.6 trillion yen, leading to a 0.43 percent decline in both nominal and real GDP as noted by the institute.
该研究所测算，若中国对日本的稀土出口限制持续三个月，日本将遭受约 6600 亿日元（折合 42 亿美元）的损失，其名义国内生产总值和实际国内生产总值年均降幅将达 0.11%；若限制持续一年，损失规模或将达到约 2.6 万亿日元，导致日本名义和实际国内生产总值均下降 0.43%。

Beijing has sent Tokyo a clear message that it cannot expect to continue benefiting from China's vast market and resources while challenging China's core interests, said Chen Wenling, former chief economist at the China Center for International Economic Exchanges.
中国国际经济交流中心前首席经济学家陈文玲表示，中方已向日方发出明确信号：日方不能指望在挑战中国核心利益的同时，还能持续从中国广阔的市场和丰富的资源中获益。

"The one-China principle and noninterference in China's internal affairs form an unbreachable prerequisite for China-Japan cooperation,"Chen said.
陈文玲强调：“一个中国原则和不干涉中国内政，是中日开展合作不可逾越的前提。”

Tetsuro Homma, executive vice-president of Panasonic, said that China is not only a consumer market or a manufacturing powerhouse, but also an innovation and engineering hub.
松下电器常务副社长本间哲朗表示，中国不仅是一个消费市场和制造业大国，更是一个创新和工程技术中心。

"For Japanese companies, strengthening collaboration with Chinese supply chain partners is crucial. It enables us to deliver quality products to global consumers at more competitive prices,"Homma said.
本间哲朗称：“对于日本企业而言，加强与中国供应链合作伙伴的协作至关重要。这能让我们以更具竞争力的价格，向全球消费者提供优质产品。”

dual-use /ˌdjuːəl ˈjuːs/ adj. 军民两用的

nonproliferation /ˌnɒnprəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃn/ n. 防扩散；不扩散

rare earth /ˌreə ˈɜːθ/ n. 稀土

prerequisite /ˌpriːˈrekwəzɪt/ n. 前提；先决条件