ESL Podcast 222 – Alternative Medicine

#ESL Podcast 222 – Alternative Medicine

##GLOSSARY

**to be prescribed –** to have something, usually medicine, recommended in

writing by a doctor to treat pain or an illness

*The doctor told her that she should never take medicine that was prescribed for

someone else.

**lasting –** permanent; continuing for a long time

*Living in another country has a lasting impact. It often makes people more

respectful of cultural differences and more interested in world news.

**alternative medicine –** ways to treating pain or illnesses that are not taught in

most western medical schools or considered standard in a community

*The doctors said her illness could not be treated, but with alternative medicine

she got better.

**to swear by –** to believe in; to rely on; to trust in

*Manuel swears by carrots as the key to a long life because his grandfather eats

them every day and he is 103 years old.

**acupuncture –** a treatment for pain by placing needles in the skin on certain

parts of the body

*Kim would never use acupuncture because she’s afraid of needles.

**therapy –** a set of exercises or treatments designed to reduce pain or treat an

injury

*After I broke my leg, the doctor said I would need two months of therapy to be

able to walk normally again.

**skeptical –** doubtful; not believing; questioning

*Why are you so skeptical about being able to pass the test? You’ve studied for

weeks and I think you’re going to do very well.

**New Age –** related to a movement about religion or spirituality that believes in a

holistic (both mental and physical) way to treat pain and illness

*Their friend writes New Age music that sounds like it’s from another planet.

**homeopathic –** a system of medicine that uses small amounts of something to

treat an illness, believing that large amounts of it will cause harm

*Homeopathic doctors believe that small amounts of medicine can have

powerful effects on our health.

**herbal supplements –** medicines or vitamins that are made from plants

*My aunt drinks teas as herbal supplements during the winter so that she

doesn’t get sick.

**all natural –** without artificial ingredients; without man-made chemicals

*His message at the talk was that If you’re worried about getting cancer, you

should eat all natural foods because other foods have too many chemicals in

them.

**to be injured –** to be hurt; to have a damaged body part, like a broken bone

*The driver was injured in the car accident when he hit his head on the window

and the glass cut his face.

**complementary –** something that is added to something else to make it

complete; putting things together that make each part even better

*We chose to send our son to that school because its classes are

complementary to what we teach him at home.

**medication –** a drug; something taken to treat an illness

*She is taking two medications: one is for her throat pain and the other one is to

help her stop coughing.

**to undergo clinical trials –** to participate in laboratory studies that use people to

study a new drug

*The new drug treats bone problems in mice, but it needs to undergo clinical

trials before doctors will know whether it works in humans.

**unorthodox –** non-traditional; unusual; not generally accepted

*At first, her unorthodox ideas about the project shocked her co-workers but

eventually, they all agreed with her.

**what does (one) have to lose? –** it can’t hurt and it might help

*He should apply for the job. What does he have to lose? If they say no, he’ll

still have his old job, but if they say yes, he’ll have more interesting work.

##COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1. Why is the man in the story considering alternative medicine?

a) Because he doesn’t trust traditional doctors.

b) Because his family recommends it.

c) Because he hopes it will treat his back pain.

2. The man’s friend, Amelia:

a) Believes that alternative medicine can be helpful.

b) Is a medical doctor.

c) Tried alternative medicine once and was very unhappy with the results.

##WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?

lasting

The word *“lasting,”* in this podcast means being permanent or continuing for a

long time: “When Jana´s uncle died in a car accident, it made a lasting

impression on him, and now he never drives at night.” As a verb, *“to last”* means

to continue or to be enough: “The batteries in the radio lasted all night but the

batteries in the flashlight only lasted for two hours.” Or, “The party was fun while

it lasted but cleaning up afterwards was too much work.” As an adjective, *“last”*

means the final one: “He is worried because he waited until the last minute to do

his homework.” Or, “Who ate the last piece of bread without telling me that we

need to buy more?” *“Last”* can also mean the previous, such as: “Last year we

went on vacation in Hawaii, but this year we’ll probably go to Florida.”

swear

In this podcast, the phrase *“to swear by”* means to believe in something or to

trust in something: *“I swear by dancing as the best way to lose weight.”* The verb

*“to swear”* also means to make a serious promise: “He swore that he would never

go to the dangerous part of town again without his parents.” In court, people

often say: *“I swear to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth”*

before they give evidence in front of a judge. *“To swear”* can also mean to

promise that you are telling the truth: “I swear I didn’t know he was planning to

steal the painting from the museum.” *“To swear”* can also mean to use bad or

rude words: “Please don’t swear when you are near the children. They are too

young to hear those words.”

##CULTURE NOTE

According to the U.S. government, 36% of adults in the United States use

alternative medicine. Americans spend more than $27 billion on alternative

medicine each year. Most of these people use alternative medicine to treat pain

but others use it to treat colds, *“depression”* (feeling sad without a reason),

problems with *“digestion”* (absorbing food after it has been eaten), and sleeping

problems.

There are four *“categories”* or types of alternative medicine. The first category,

*“mind-body techniques,”* uses the power of thought to treat physical pain or

illnesses. For example, relaxing thoughts can lower *“blood pressure”* or how

much force is used to push blood through your body. The second category,

*“biologically-based therapy”* uses *“herbs”* (plants), vitamins, and minerals to treat

health. For example, many herbal teas are used to treat coughs and headaches.

The third category, *“body-based therapies,”* uses *“touch”* or physical contact to

treat pain. Massages are often used to treat *“sore”* (painful) muscles. Finally,

the fourth category, *“energy therapies,”* treats pain and illnesses by changing the

energy that some people believe is in and around the human body.

Alternative medicine used to be the enemy of traditional medicine and people

had to choose which type of medicine they wanted to use to treat their pain and

illnesses. Today, however, many people believe that the best treatment is a

combination of alternative and traditional medicine. For example, someone with

cancer may speak with a traditional doctor and have traditional *“chemotherapy”*

or a set of drugs that destroys cancer in the body, but also have weekly

massages, drink herbal teas, and *“meditate”* or to sit quietly and try to empty

one’s mind to feel more peaceful and to control pain.

Comprehension Questions Correct Answers: 1 – c; 2 – a

##COMPLETE TRANSCRIPT

Welcome to number 222: Alternative

Medicine.

This is episode 222. I'm your host, Dr.

Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development in

beautiful Los Angeles, California.

Remember to visit our website at eslpod.com. You'll find there the Learning

Guide for this episode, which contains all of the vocabulary, additional sample

sentences using the words we're going to talk about today. It also contains a

complete transcript of this entire episode along with additional explanations and

culture notes.

Our topic in this episode is alternative medicine. Let's get started.

[start of story]

I have been suffering from back pain for years. I’ve tried several treatments

prescribed by my doctor, but nothing has had a lasting effect. I finally decided to

try alternative medicine.

My friend, Amelia, swore by acupuncture. She said that her knee pain went

away after only a few weeks of therapy. She was skeptical when she first

started, but she knew after only a few sessions that it was working for her and

that this was no New Age nonsense. She thought it might work for me, too.

My co-worker, Ray, suggested that I try some homeopathic treatments. He said

that taking herbal supplements that are all natural has helped him recover after

getting injured on the job a couple of months ago. He took these as

complementary to the traditional medication his doctor gave him. He said that

even though the herbs he takes haven’t undergone clinical trials, his own

experience told him that they work.

I’m a little nervous about trying these unorthodox treatments, but after hearing

about Amelia’s and Ray’s experiences, I’m willing to give them a try. Nothing has

worked so far, so what do I have to lose?

[end of story]

This episode is called *“Alternative Medicine.”*

The word alternative means different or choosing a different kind of something.

Someone may say, *“What are my alternatives,”* meaning what are my choices.

Here, alternate medicine means a different kind of medicine. It might also be

called nontraditional medicine.

The story begins by me saying that I have suffered “from back pain for years.

I’ve tried several treatments prescribed by my doctor.” To prescribe, *“prescribe,”*

is to give a patient - a doctor giving a patient some medicine to take. You are

prescribed, by your doctor, certain medicines. These are things that the doctor

says you should do. Normally, when we say something is prescribed, or that it is

a prescription drug, we mean that you can only get those drugs or those types of

medicine from a doctor - from a medical doctor, not from an applied linguistics

doctor. I can't give you any drugs. I can give you something better than drugs:

ESLPodcast!

The story continues that although I've tried these different medicines, “nothing

has had a lasting effect.” Lasting, *“lasting,”* means permanent or continuing for a

long time. We sometimes say, *“long-lasting,”* which means the same - something

that will be continuing for a long period of time. The word lasting has another

meaning, and we talk about the other meanings of that word in our Learning

Guide for this episode.

The story continues by saying that “I finally decided to try alternative medicine.

My friend, Amelia, swore by acupuncture.” To swear, *“swear,”* by something

means to trust in something - to believe in something or to rely on something. “I

swear by these pills” - *“I swear by this drug.”* What I'm saying is I believe in it - I

think it is good - I think it is useful.

To swear can also mean to say some vulgar words. I won't do any here on the

episode, but that's one meaning of swear. To swear also means to say that you

believe in something or to say that something is true, and that's the meaning that

we're using here.

*“My friend, Amelia, swore by”* - swore is the past tense of swear, *“swore”* - she

*“swore by acupuncture.”* Acupuncture, *“acupuncture,”* is when the person, who

we would call an acupuncturist, uses little pins - little needles - and sticks them in

your body. This is a nontraditional kind of medicine. I have never had

acupuncture; I don't like needles.

The story says that my friend Amelia told me that “her knee pain went away after

only a few weeks of therapy.” Therapy, *“therapy,”* is a set of things or a kind of

treatment that you have to reduce your pain or to make you feel better. You can

have therapy that is physical; you can have therapy that is using drugs; you can

also have psychological therapy. When somebody says, *“I'm in therapy,”* they

mean that they are going to see a psychiatrist or a psychologist to help them feel

better. Here, the word therapy is used to mean the physical or the drugs that this

particular patient is getting. In this case, the therapy is acupuncture.

My friend says that *“She was skeptical when she first started.”* To be skeptical,

*“skeptical,”* means to doubt - to question - to not believe something. “I'm

skeptical about men from Mars visiting our planet and building the pyramids of

Egypt” - I don't believe that's true - I find it difficult to believe. Actually, I think

they came from Mercury, not Mars!

The story goes on that my friend was getting better *“after only a few sessions.”* A

session would be the time that she went into see the acupuncturist - her

treatments. She realized that acupuncture *“was no New Age nonsense.”* New

Age, *“New Age,”* is related to a belief - an idea - almost a religious idea about

healing and health and spirituality that is used to help make people feel better.

It's sort of like an alternative religion versus traditional religion, that's New Age.

When we use it in the United States, usually it is a negative term. Someone

says, *“Oh, that's too New Age for me,”* they mean that it is not something that

they believe in - they're skeptical about it - they think it's nonsense - not true.

Now, of course, I'm not saying whether these things are true or not; I'm just

presenting my story here - a story. Actually, not my story; my back doesn't hurt.

My shoulder hurts, but not my back.

Getting back to the story, “My co-worker, Ray, suggested that I try some

homeopathic treatments.” Homeopathic, *“homeopathic,”* is a kind of medicine,

again, an alternative kind of medicine that uses small amounts of something to

treat an illness. The belief, I think, is that you don't want a lot of a drug or a lot of

some chemical or some herb, you want only just a little bit to help treat the

person - to make the person better.

*“My co-worker, Ray,”* said that he was “taking herbal supplements that are all

natural.” Herbal, *“herbal,”* notice we don't normally pronounced the *“h.”* It is

possible to say herbal, but most people say herbal. The word herbal comes from

herbs, *“herb,”* or *“herbs,”* (plural) which are plants, and they are plants that you

can make food out of; sometimes they are plants that you make medicine out of.

Well, these are plants that you make medicine out of. They're called

supplements, *“supplements,”* because they're additional. The word supplement

means to add something additional - in addition to the normal or regular

treatment that you may be receiving for your pain or your injury.

So, he's taking these herbal supplements, probably tea or some sort of pill that

he takes. He says that they're *“all natural.”* When we say something is all

natural, we mean that there aren't any man made or human made chemicals - no

artificial ingredients. Artificial is the opposite of natural.

My friend, or rather, my co-worker, Ray, got “injured on the job a couple of

months ago.” To be injured, *“injured,”* just means to be hurt - to have some

problem with some part of your body: your arm, your leg, your knee, and so forth.

Ray took these herbal supplements *“as complementary to traditional medication”*

that *“his doctor gave him.”* To take something complementarily or as

complementary means to take it in addition to. When we say something

complements something else, *“complement,”* we mean that it matches - that it

goes with something else. There's also a word complimentary, spelled with an

*“i,”* which means to say something nice about someone. These are drugs he's

taking in addition to - to complement - his *“traditional medication.”* Medication is

another word for the drugs that he is taking.

He says that *“even though the herbs”* have not “undergone clinical trials, his

experience” tells him that they are working. To undergo means to experience or

participate in. Clinical trials are scientific tests that medical researchers do,

usually, to make sure the drug actually works.

I end my story by saying that “I’m a little nervous about trying these unorthodox

treatments.” Unorthodox, *“unorthodox,”* is the opposite of orthodox, which means

traditional. So, unorthodox would be nontraditional or alternative kinds of

treatments.

*“After hearing about”* my friend's and co-worker's *“experiences,”* I say, “I’m willing

to give them a try. Nothing has worked” for me *“so far”* - nothing has helped me

so far, *“so what do I have to lose?”* That expression, what do I have to lose,

means it can't hurt and it might help.

Now let's listen to the story, this time at a normal speed.